Aurubis 

Aurubis AG, located in Hamburg, Germany, is a company focused on refining metal concentrates and a wide array of recycled materials. Their operations involve processing diverse inputs such as scrap metals, various organic and inorganic metal-containing raw materials, and industrial waste. From these, Aurubis manufactures an extensive range of products, including copper goods like wire rods, specialized wires, shapes, bars, profiles, and rolled products suitable for both industrial and architectural uses. The company also extracts valuable metals such as gold, silver, lead, specific alloys (like lead-bismuth and lead-antimony litharge), tellurium, and tellurium dioxide. A significant aspect of their business is the comprehensive recycling of copper, copper alloy scrap, electronic scrap, precious metals, and other non-ferrous metals. Beyond its main product offerings, Aurubis also generates industrial byproducts like sulfuric acid, iron-silicate, smelter intermediates, and selenium. Established in 1866, the company was formerly known as Norddeutsche Affinerie AG until its rebranding to Aurubis AG in April 2009.