The Franklin Income Fund allocates its capital across a varied mix of both fixed-income and equity instruments. Its exposure to equities is primarily achieved through holdings in common stocks. The fund's fixed-income component is exceptionally diverse, encompassing instruments with fixed, floating, or variable interest rates. This includes a broad range of debt types, such as secured and unsecured corporate bonds, bonds convertible into common stock, senior floating-rate and term loans, mortgage-backed securities, other asset-backed securities, debentures, and shorter-term notes. Notably, the fund has the flexibility to invest up to 100% of its total assets in debt securities rated below investment grade.