Nokia 

Nokia Oyj operates as a global telecommunications leader, specializing in the delivery of comprehensive mobile, fixed, and cloud networking solutions across the globe. The company's operations are strategically organized into four distinct business units: Mobile Networks, Network Infrastructure, Cloud and Network Services, and Nokia Technologies. Within its Mobile Networks division, Nokia supplies essential products and services for radio access networks, supporting a wide spectrum of mobile technologies from 2G through to 5G. This segment also provides crucial microwave radio links for robust transport network connectivity. The Network Infrastructure division underpins global connectivity, offering fixed networking solutions such as fiber and copper-based access infrastructure, alongside advanced cloud and virtualization services. Its extensive offerings encompass a comprehensive Wi-Fi portfolio, featuring mesh solutions and cloud-based controllers, as well as sophisticated IP routing solutions tailored for aggregation, edge, and core applications across residential, business, mobile, and industrial sectors. This segment also boasts a robust portfolio of optical networks, including coherent transponders, OTN switchers, WDM, ROADM solutions, and optical line systems, designed for a wide array of uses from metro access and data center interconnect to regional, long-haul, and ultra-long-haul applications. Additionally, Nokia specializes in submarine networks. The Cloud and Network Services division provides a diverse range of software and service offerings, encompassing business application software, core network software, advanced cloud and cognitive services, and tailored enterprise solutions. Lastly, the Nokia Technologies segment is responsible for developing hardware, software, and services, in addition to managing the valuable licensing of Nokia's intellectual property, which includes patents, various technologies, and the globally recognized Nokia brand itself. Nokia's diverse client base spans communications service providers, large webscale companies, hyperscalers, various digital industries, and governmental entities. Established in 1865, Nokia Oyj maintains its headquarters in Espoo, Finland.