The Innovator U.S. Equity Buffer ETF (BMAR) is designed to replicate the performance of the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY), though its upside potential is constrained by a predetermined maximum return. Conversely, it provides a protective cushion against the initial 9% of losses investors might incur over its defined outcome period. This ETF can be held for an extended duration, with its cap and buffer features recalibrating roughly once a year at the close of each outcome period.